《文心雕龙》的司马相如辞赋批评

Criticism on Sima Xiangru's Ci Fu in Wen Xin Diao Long

《文心雕龙》计有22个篇目论述了司马相如。其中,多数是关于辞赋创作的。刘勰列司马相如为十大"辞赋英杰"之一,推其为"辞宗",对司马相如在辞赋史上的地位给予了高度评价。刘勰以"繁类以成艳"、"断而能悲"、"气号凌云"、"丽而不典"等分评相如之《上林》、《哀秦二世》、《大人赋》及《封禅文》诸文,揆情度理,衡鉴精当。此外,《文心雕龙》还对司马相如赋偶对、夸饰、事典、练字等手法的运用,进行了征引和剖别。刘勰的论述,对于后人正确认识司马相如赋的成就和价值具有重要的参考价值。

There are altogether 22 articles in Wen Xin Diao Long commenting on Sima Xiangru, most of which are about his Ci Fu writing. Liu Xie ranked Sima Xiangru as one of the ten Ci Fu masters, regar- ded him as the ＂father of Ci＇and thought highly of his position in the history of Ci Fu. Liu Xie commented concisely and justly on Sima＇s Shang Lin, Ai Qin Er Shi , Da Ren Fu and Feng Shah Wen. Besides, Wen Xin Diao Long also quoted and classified the application of antithesis, affectation and exaggeration, allu- sion, and Lian Zi by Sima Xiangru. His comments are of important reference for the correct understanding and recognition of Sima Xiangru＇s accomplishment and value in Ci Fu.