我国家庭政策的发展路径与目标选择

The Development Path and Goal of China′s Family Policies

我国家庭政策的发展经历了与欧美国家完全不同的路径。由于社会福利和保障制度背景和发展水平不同,我国家庭政策的发展方向与发达国家存在本质上的差异,与发达国家"去家庭化"的方向相反,我国家庭政策发展的主要方向应该是"家庭化",即基于家庭责任前提构建福利保障体系,通过强化家庭功能实现为公民提供福利和保障的目标。我国的家庭政策具有双重任务:一方面要补充社会福利发展水平低造成的保障程度不足,提升家庭自身福利供给和保障能力;另一方面要针对家庭变化产生的问题,调整社会福利配给和组织方式,扩大以家庭为生计单位的福利保障。我国的发展型家庭政策要以提升家庭发展能力为重点,包括就业支持政策和供养家庭支持政策两大类。

The development of family policy in China has experienced a completely different path from that in the United States and European countries. Contrary to the process of defamilization with the welfare regimes in the developed countries, the social welfare in China should be directed to familiza- tion, which means reframing welfare regimes in comformity with the premise of family responsibilities to provide benefits and protection for citizens by strengthening family functioning. China＇s family policy has a dual task： on the one hand, enhancing family＇s capabilities of welfare production and organization to supplement the inadequacy of social welfare development, and on the other hand, adjusting the or- ganization of social welfare from ＂individual mode＂ to ＂family mode＂. China＇s developmental family policies should be formulated with emphasis on enhancing capability of family development, developing pro - employment policies and assistance policies for workers to sustain their families.