家庭发展能力建设的政策路径分析

Policy Approaches to Development Capacity of Family

家庭是人类社会的基本单位,家庭功能的正常发挥是人类社会发展的重要前提之一。家庭发展能力是家庭凭借所获取的资源满足每一个家庭成员生活与发展需要的能力,主要包括支持、经济、学习、社会交往与风险应对等6个方面的能力,可以通过家庭内部建设与外部社会支持两个途径得以实现。但是,在家庭变迁加剧,家庭功能弱化、转化、外化与社会化的背景下,家庭需求与家庭功能的对应结构失衡、家庭功能供求的自我均衡机制失灵,家庭能力建设比以往更加依赖外部的支持。因此,应聚焦家庭核心功能与需求的变化,深入探讨我国居民家庭面临的困境,将家庭作为社会政策的基本对象,积极构建家庭友好型社会环境和制度支持,全面促进家庭发展能力的建设。

As the basic unit of human society, the normal functions of families represent an important prerequisite for the development of society. Development capability of family is the ability to meet the living and development needs of each family member, mainly including six capacities of support, economic ability, learning, social interaction and risk response, which can be achieved through two ways of intra family construction and external social supports. However, with the process of weake- ning, transformation, externalization and socialization of family functioning, there are emerging new trends about families that corresponding structural imbalance between the needs and function of families and mechanism failure of self- supply and demand balance, as a result family capacity building depends on more external supports now than past. Therefore,we should focus on changing of the family＇s core function and the difficulties faced by families, take family as a basic unit of social policy, ac- tively build a familyfriendly social environment and institutional support, thus fully promote the devel opment capacity of family.