月球探测中的无动力返回轨道

Free Return Trajectories in Lunar Missions

首先在平面圆型限制性三体问题模型下给出了白道面内4种类型的对称无动力返回轨道,之后针对其中较实用的一种,考虑了其在白道面内的非对称情形,并探讨了其三维情形及近月、近地的轨道倾角限制.最后给出了地-月系真实引力模型下无动力返回轨道的设计方法和相应算例.

Four types of symmetric free return trajectories in the planar circular restricted three-body problem are computed and compared with each other. One of these four types is most applicable in practice. Concentrating ourselves on this special type of free return trajectory, the corresponding planar asymmetric cases are studied. Then the studies are generalized to the three-dimensional case. The restrictions on the inclination angles of the probe at the perilune are discussed. It is found that the maximum inclination at the perilune between the probe＇s orbit plane and the Moon＇s orbit plane is restricted by the heights of the perigee and the perilune of the free return trajectory. However, the inclination at the perigee is nearly not affected by them. At last, a strategy to design free return trajectories in the real Earth-Moon system is proposed. Some numerical simulations are done to show the feasibility of this orbit design strategy. The discussions from the planar case to the spatial case and then to the real force model can also be applied to the other three types of planar free return trajectories.