引进甘蔗品种抗寒性评价

Evaluation on cold resistance of sugarcane cultivars newly introduced to Guangxi

【目的】探明广西新引进的13个甘蔗品种(系)的抗寒能力及其生理生化特性,并研究蔗区筛选抗寒品种的有效方法。【方法】以当前广西蔗区主栽品种新台糖22号作为对照,对自然低温条件下引进甘蔗品种的农艺性状进行调查,采用隶属函数值法对各品种的抗寒性进行综合分类,并分析比较人工低温条件下各类抗寒品种的生理生化指标。【结果】相比新台糖22号,湖光1号、台糖88-99、CP84-1198和云蔗99-601属于强抗寒性品种;赣蔗18号、C1-2003、园林9号、台糖98-0432、福农15号、台糖98-1626和粤糖96-86属于中抗寒性品种;园林6号和园林8号属于弱抗寒性品种。强抗寒品种的脯氨酸含量比中弱抗寒品种约高25%,可溶性糖含量与中弱抗寒品种相当,可溶性蛋白含量与比弱抗寒品种高19%,丙二醛含量和质膜渗透率与中抗寒品种差异不大,但分别比弱抗寒品种低15%和30%。【结论】湖光1号、台糖88-99、CP84-1198和云蔗99-601属于强抗寒性品种;低温胁迫条件下,叶片脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛含量及质膜渗透率可以较好地反映出甘蔗品种抗寒力高低,可用作评价甘蔗抗寒性的指标。

[ Objective ]The present study was conducted to investigate the cold resistance and physiological characteristics in 13 newly introduced sugarcane cultivars and to identify the effective method for screening cold resistant sugarcane varieties. [Method]Compared to the dominant sugarcane cultivar ROC22, in Guangxi, agronomic traits were investigated in different cuhivars at natural low temperatures, and cold resistance was evaluated and classified using subordinate function method. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of different cold-resistant varieties were analyzed under artificial low temperature conditions. [Result] It was found that cold resistance of YL 6 and YL 8 was lower than that of ROC22. The varieties HG 1 ,TT 88-99, CP84-1198 and YZ 99-601 had high cold resistance, while GZ 18, C 1-2003, YL 9, Tr 98- 0432,FN 15 ,TT 98-1626 and YT 96-86 showed moderate cold resistance. Proline content in strongly cold resistant varieties was 25% higher than that in moderately to weakly cold resistant ones. Soluble sugar content was virtually the same in all cultivars. Soluble protein content in strongly cold resistant varieties was similar to that in moderately cold resistant ones, whereas 19% higher than weakly cold resistant ones. Malonaldehyde content and membrane permeability in strongly cold resistant varieties were not different from that in moderately cold resistant ones, but 15 and 30% lower than that in weakly cold resistant ones, respectively. [Conclusion ]HG 1 ,TT 88-99, CP84-1198 and YZ 99-601 were strongly cold resistant sugarcane cuhivars. It concluded that content of proline,soluble protein and malonaldehyde as well as plasma membrane permeability under artificial low-temperature conditions may be used as indices to evaluate the cold resistance in different sugarcane cuhivars.