教育发展方式与国民收入层级匹配:基于我国人口红利背景

Way of Education Development and the Matching with National Income Level: on the Context of Population Dividend

运用近20年的相关数据进行相关分析和回归分析,结果显示我国教育发展与国民收入之间呈现显著正相关关系,教育投入和教育发展规模适应并促进了国民收入的提升。现阶段,我国正从中等偏下收入向中等偏上收入国家行列发展。在这一进程中,我国将面临由于人口年龄结构优势产生的人口红利逐渐减少的困境。在此背景下,国民收入层级的提升将主要依靠人力资本积累和科技进步,教育作为人才培养的主要手段,其作用显得尤为重要。为此,要继续增加教育投入,提升国民整体素养;扩大教育规模,变人口年龄结构优势为人才结构优势;转变教育思想,提高教育质量。

According to the relevant data of recent two decades based on the theoretical origin and literature review, the authors find that there is a very strong positive correlation between educational development in China and national income. The input in education and the development scale of education have adapted to and promoted the increase of national income. At present, China is developing from a lower middle-income country to a upper middle-income country. During this process, we will face the fact that population dividend generated by the age structure of demographic is decreasing. Based on this background, the increase of national income will mainly depend on human capital and scientific and technological progress, and education as the primary means of cultivating talent will play a distinct role. Therefore, at present, education input should be continued to increase to improve people quality; the scale of education should be expanded, to change the advantage of the age structure to that of talent structure; education concept should be changed to enhance educational quality.