甜玉米间作不同作物对蜘蛛群落结构的影响

Influence of Intercropping Sweet Maize with Different Crops on the Structure of Spider Community

采用陷阱法、扫网法及植株系统调查法研究了甜玉米间作不同作物(绿豆、菜豆、甘薯、花生)对蜘蛛群落结构的影响.田间调查共采集到蜘蛛26种,隶属于10科.玉米单作与间作生境蜘蛛群落结构组成相似,均以拟环纹狼蛛Lycosa pseudoannulata和八斑球蛛Coleosoma octomaculatum为优势种;但玉米间作生境有助于蜘蛛类群数量增长,其中玉米间作绿豆、玉米间作菜豆的蜘蛛总体数量显著高于玉米单作,玉米间作甘薯和玉米间作花生的蜘蛛数量也有所提高.研究表明,玉米间作生境通过增加作物多样性,对蜘蛛具有较好的诱集作用,从而提高蜘蛛类群数量.

Investigation was conducted to study the influence of sweet maize intercropping with different crops （mung bean, kidney bean, sweet potato or peanut） on the spiders community structure in field by the sampling methods of pitfall, net and full plant investigation. Ten spider families, including 26 species, were found in all maize fields. Composition of spiders community in maize monoculture habitat was similar to those in intercropping habitats, in which the dominant species were Lycosa pseudoannulata and Coleosoma octomaculatum. However, maize intercropping habitats appeared to be helpful to the growth of spider groups. The numbers of spider in maize field intercropped with mung bean and kidney bean were significantly larger than that of monocuhure maize habitat. The similar result was also found in maize- sweet potato or maize-peanut intercropping habitat. The results indicated that intercropping habitats could attract more spiders and therefore resulted in a higher spider density due to the increase of crop diversity.