2009—2011年北京市西北部城区4类饮用水监测结果分析

Analysis on the monitoring results of 4 types of drinking water from northwest urban area of Beijing in 2009-2011

目的对北京市西北部城区近3年瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水、饮用天然矿泉水等4类饮用水的监测结果进行统计分析,发现该地区饮用水的安全问题,以便及时消除隐患。方法于2009—2011年对北京市西北部城区的20家单位生产、销售或饮用的瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水、饮用天然矿泉水、饮用净水及生活饮用水,依据相应的卫生或质量标准进行监测检验。结果共检验50件饮用水样品,总体合格率为50.00%,其中饮用天然矿泉水及生活饮用水样品均为合格,瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水样品合格率为36.67%,饮用净水样品均不合格。瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水不合格指标为pH值、电导率、高锰酸钾消耗量、氯化物、菌落总数及霉菌和酵母菌,饮用净水不合格指标为色度、pH值、总硬度、铁、硫酸盐、耗氧量、铅及细菌总数。瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水的pH值超标率为66.67%,且pH测定值最高达到8.48,为国家标准上限值的1.2倍。结论北京市西北部城区近3年瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水及饮用净水检验合格率很低,二者共同的问题为pH值、耗氧量及菌落总数超标。瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水普遍存在pH值超标情况,亟待引起重视。建议加强瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水及饮用净水的主动监测与监督管理。

Objective To analysis the monitoring results of 4 types of drinking water from northwest urban area of Beijing in recent 3 years,to find out the problems and to eliminate the potential dangers in time.Methods Water samples were gathered from 20 units in northwest urban area of Beijing from 2009 to 2011 for periodical inspection according to relevant standard methods.Results The total qualified rate of 50 drinking water samples was 50.00%.All bottled natural mineral water and general drinking water samples were qualified.The qualified rate of bottled purified water for drinking was only 36.67%.None of the fine drinking water sample was qualified.The unqualified indicators of bottled purified water were： pH value,electrical conductivity,consumption of potassium permanganate,chloride,total bacteria,molds and yeasts.The unqualified indicators of fine drinking water were： chromaticity,pH value,total hardness,iron,sulfate,oxygen consumption,lead and total bacteria.66.67% of bottled purified water for drinking were the overrun of pH value,and the highest value detected was pH 8.48,which was 1.2 times of the upper limit of the national standard.Conclusion The qualified rates of bottled purified water for drinking and fine drinking water were very low in northwest urban area of Beijing during recent 3 years.The common problems of the two types of drinking water were the overrun of pH value,oxygen consumption and total bacteria.The overrun of pH value in bottled purified water for drinking was universal,to which more attention should be paid.Active monitoring and supervising should be intensified for bottled purified water for drinking and fine drinking water.