中跑运动员逆向负荷训练最佳负荷区研究

Research on the Best Loading Zone of Reverse Load Train for the Middle-distance Runner

采用文献资料、问卷调查和专家访谈等方法,分析和总结了国内外中跑核心竞技能力训练模式,以相关学科知识为理论依据,设计了"逆向结构——最佳负荷区"训练法,并组织了训练实验。结果表明:基于最佳负荷区训练理论设计的逆向负荷训练法能有利于中跑运动员核心竞技能力的发展。揭示了中跑专项训练的指导思想,即以"速度——耐力二元复合素质"为核心,根据运动员个体特征和项目特点,按最佳负荷区理论制订相应的训练计划。研究发现:随着专项训练水平的提高,最佳负荷区间也随着变化,其总体趋势是范围趋于集中并向更高水平发展。最佳负荷区的变化是核心竞技提高的显著标志。

By using the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey and expert interviewing, this article have analyzed and summarized the core competitive ability training mode of the middle distance running. With related discipline knowledge as the theory basis, this Article have designed the ＂reverse structure - the best load area＂ training method, and organized train- ing experiment. The results show that reverse load training method which based on the training theory of best loading zone can help the development of the middle distance runner~ core competitive ability. This research also Revealed the guiding thought of the middle distance running special training, taking the ＂speed - endurance binary compound quality＂ as the core, accord- ing to individual characteristics and event characteristics, the best loading zone theory formulate the corresponding training plan. Studying found that： with special training level enhancement, the best load interval also change, the overall trend is the range tends to concentrate to a higher level development. The best load change is the obvious symbol of the core competitive improvement.