热泵余热利用技术在油田的应用

Application of afterheat utilization technology of heat pump in oilfield

油田在生产过程中产出大量采出水,温度一般在35～45℃,稠油油田采出水温度在55～65℃,蕴藏着大量热能。目前大部分油田采出水经过处理后回注或者外排,造成了能量的浪费。热泵技术根据逆卡诺循环原理,可将油田采出水中的低品位热能转化为高品位热能,用于油田生产过程中的供暖、外输原油加热维温、进站液加热等方面,实现了油田采出水中热能的二次利用,既节省了大量的宝贵的油气资源,又减少了由于燃料燃烧所造成的环境污染。

A large amount of oily water with high calorific content is produced during oil field development.Generally,the temperature range of the produced water in conventional oilfield is between 35℃ and 45℃,while the temperature range in heavy oil field is from 55℃ to 65℃.At present,theprimarily processing method about oilfield produced water is to inject them into stratum or drain into the environment after treatment,which results in substantial energy waste.On the basis of reverse Carnot cycle,the thermal energy of produced water can be transferred from low-grade to high-grade by the heat pump technology,and used for housing heating and heating in oil transportation.The recovery of thermal energy of produced water can be realized by using the heat pump technology.The oil and gas resources can be saved and the environmental pollution caused by burning fuels can be reduced as well.