2Robert K. Toutkoushian, "From the editor - in - chief", in Assessing and Accounting for Student Learning : Beyond the Spellings Commission edited by Victor M. H. Borden, Gary R. Pike, New Directions for Institutional Research, Assessment Supplement 2007.
3Jamil Salmi. The Challenge of Establishing the World-Class Universities (The World Bank, 2009), Executive Summary.
4L. W. Anderson&D. R. Krathwohl, A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing a revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives (New York, NY: Longman,2001).
5Gary R. Pike. "The Convergent and Discriminant Validity of NSSE Scalelet Scores," Journal of College Student Development 5(2006).
6彭森明.将学生学习成果纳入大学评鉴指标项目之必要性与可行性.评鉴(台湾),2008,(15).
7ACT. (2009). CAAP guide to successful general education outcomes assessment. Iowa City, IA: ACT.
8College Board (2008). Trends in college pricing. New York: Author.
9Educational Testing Service (2007). MAPP user's guide. Princeton, N J: ETS.
10Klein, S., Liu, O.L., Sconing, J., Bolus, R., Bridgeman, B., Kugelmass, H., Nemeth, A., Robbins, S., & Steedle, J. (September 29, 2009). Test Validity Study (TVS) Report. Supported by the Fund for Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE). Online at: http://www.voluntarysystem.org/index.cfm?page=researcb.
2Liu,O.L..Measuring learning outcomes in higher education using the Measure of Academic Proficiency and Progress(ETS Research Report No.RR-08- 047)[Z].
3Wise,S.L.,& DeMars,C.D..Low examinee effort in low-stakes assessment: Problems and potential solutions[J].Educational Assessment, 2005,10(1):1-17.
4Liu,O. L. (2008). Measuring learn- ing outcomes in higher education using the Measure of Academic Proficiency and Progress ( ETS Research Report No. RR - 08 - 047). Princeton, NJ : ETS.
5Wise,S. L. , & DeMars, C. D. Low examinee effort in low - stakes assessment: Problems and potential solutions. Educational Assessment, 2005 10(1),1-17.
7Chaitra M. Hardison, Anna - Marie Vilamovska. The Colle- giate Learning Assessment Setting Standards for Performance at a College or University [EB/OL]. http ://www. rand. org,/ pubs/technical_reports/TR663, html.
8Shavelson, R. J. A Brief History of Student Learning Assess- ment [EB/OL]. http://www, stanford, edu/dept/SUSE/ SEAL/Reports_Papers/Paper. htm.
9Does College Matter? Measuring Critical -Thinking Out- comes Using the CLA [ EB/OL]. http://cae, org/perform- ance - assessment/category/cla - supporting - materialz.