国有土地上房屋征收、补偿与拆迁的诉讼救济——基于行政法律关系的分析

The Lawsuits Against the Expropriation, Compensation or Demolition of Buildings on State-owned Land——Analysis Based on Administrative Jural Relations

为确保城市房屋征收过程中被征收方合法权益得到切实、合理的保护,必须辅之以完善的行政诉讼类型制度,然而,我国现行行政诉讼制度并不能满足这一需要。为此,有必要以美国学者霍菲尔德法律关系学说为工具,对征收过程中的各种法律关系以及被征收方各种权益进行精确界分,以此为基础设计相应诉讼类型。根据征收阶段的不同,在征收过程中政府与被征收人、被拆迁人之间实际存在着征收决定阶段的权力与责任关系,补偿阶段的原生性的权利与义务关系以及拆迁阶段的次生性的赔偿法律关系。为此,需要配套以相应的撤销诉讼、给付诉讼以及行政赔偿诉讼类型和相应的审判方法。

With the auxiliary system for perfecting administrative procedure categories, the legit- imate rights and interests for owners of the buildings to be expropriated can be feasibly and properly protected. However, chinese administrative procedure categories now can＇t meet this expectation. So it is necessary to use jural relations of Hohfeldian theory to define all kinds of these relations and benefits during the course of expropriation accurately, and design corresponding administrative pro- cedure categories which are based on it. According to different expropriation stages , power-liabiltity relationship among the government,the expropriated or the housebreaking there exists household- er. Aslo, primary right-duty relationship is existed during compensation stage and secondry compen- sation relationship（ right-duty relationship） on the removal stage, therefore, we should supply matc- hing litigation for corresponding revocatory, payment and compensation respectively.