理性设计提高蛋白质热稳定性的研究进展

Recent Advances in the Rational Design to Improve the Protein Thermostability

通过理性设计提高蛋白质的热稳定性一直是当今计算生物学及蛋白质工程领域中的一个研究热点。与传统的定向进化的方法相比,该方法具有目的性强、效率高的优点,对扩大蛋白质的应用范围与探究蛋白质结构和功能的关系均具有重要意义。本文详细介绍了影响蛋白质热稳定性的因素,以及一些常用的通过理性设计来提高蛋白质的热稳定性的策略。由于影响蛋白质热稳定性的因素众多,并且众多因素之间还具有千丝万缕的联系,到目前为止研究人员还没有提出一个公认的适合于所有蛋白质的理性设计的策略,这也是现代计算生物学家及蛋白质工程学家们努力研究的一个重要方向。

The studies on the rational design methods for improving the protein thermalstability were the hotspots in the field of computational biology and protein engineering. Compared to the traditional methods for enhancing the protein thermostability, rational design methods had many advantages, such as high efficiency and strong purposes. Moreover, the methods could not only expand the application scope of enzymes, but also help us to understand the relationship between protein structure and its function. In this paper, we introduced some factors that related to the protein thermostability and strategies usually used to improve the protein thermostability in detail. However, there were many factors that could affect the thermalstability of proteins, and there were many intricate links among these factors. So far, the researchers did not yet propose a rational design strategy that could adapt to all proteins. But it was an important direction that need the computing biologists and protein engineering scientists to study.