2010年医院感染现患率调查分析

Prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in 2010

目的了解医院感染的横断面现患率调查情况。方法采用床旁和病案调查相结合的方式,对全院所有患者进行医院感染现患率调查,并逐一填写个案调查表。结果应查例数474例,实查462例,实查率97.5%,发生医院感染19例,现患率为4.1%,科室感染以血液内科、神经外科最多,感染率分别为16.7%、15.2%,其次为儿科、神经内科、普外一科,感染率分别为12.5%、11.6%、8.3%;医院感染部位,下呼吸道感染16例占84.2%,其次深部切开感染2例占10.5%,泌尿道感染1例占5.3%;病原菌送检6例,送检率为31.6%,检出病原菌6株;住院患者抗菌药物使用211例,使用率为45.7%,其中治疗用药130例,预防用药75例,治疗+预防6例;一联使用171例,二联使用39例,三联使用1例。结论通过医院感染现患率调查,进一步明确医院感染管理的重点部门和重点环节,有利于更好的预防与控制医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To understand the cross-section of nosocomial infections.METHODS The prevalence of nosocomial infections of all the patients in the hospital was investigated by combining the bedside investigation with the case investigation and by filing out the individual questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 474 cases were expected to check,and 462 cases were actually checked with the actual checking rate of 97.5%,nosocomial infection occurred in 19 cases with the prevalence rate of 4.1%;the infections frequently occurred in the neurosurgery department and the neurology department with 5 cases in each,the infection rates were 15.2% and 11.6%,respectively,followed by blood medicine department（16.7%）,pediatrics department（12.5%）,and the first general surgery department（8.3%）,with 2 cases in each;there were 16 cases with lower respiratory tract infections（84.2%）,followed by deep incision infection（2 cases,10.5%） and urinary tract infection（1 case,5.3%）;there were 6 pathogens submitted with the submission rate of 31.6%,totally 6 strains of pathogens were detected;totally 211 patients used antibacterial drugs with use rate of 45.7%,among which 130 cases took drugs for treatment,75 cases for prevention,6 cases for treatment and prevention;there were 171 cases with single-drug,9 cases with two-drug,1 case with three-drug.CONCLUSION To clarify the management of nosocomial infections in key departments and links through investigation of the prevalence of nosocomial infections is conducive to the prevention and control of nosocomial infections.