静脉用药调配中心配置人员发生锐器伤的调查分析

Investigation of sharp instrument injures in PIVAS staff

目的了解静脉用药调配中心配置人员锐器损伤情况,探讨有效的干预措施。方法对我市3所三级综合性医院静脉用药调配中心配置人员所发生的锐器伤及相关因素进行问卷调查。结果共调查132名配置人员,在最近12个月内,配置人员发生过锐器伤的占89.39%,发生锐器损伤共829次,平均每人损伤6.28次;其中护理人员锐器伤发生率为91.86%、工龄1～2年的配置人员发生率为100.00%,初级职称配置人员的发生率为94.49%;配置人员发生锐器损伤种类依次为安瓿、空瓶伤占45.24%、玻璃碎屑伤占29.79%、注射针头伤占15.44%、其他伤占9.53%;锐器伤发生的环节依次为掰安瓿时占31.00%、清洁台面或地面时占24.61%、毁形针具时占21.23%、丢弃锐器时占10.74%、安装调节针头时占8.69%、处理医疗垃圾时占3.74%。结论静脉用药调配中心配置人员发生锐器损伤率高,医院管理者和配置人员一定要高度重视,提高配置人员防范意识,熟练规范操作,加强工作的责任心和注意力,避免或减少锐器损伤。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the status of sharp instrument injuries in PIVAS staff and discuss the effective interventions.METHODS The sharp instrument injuries and the correlated factors were investigated with questionnaires for PIVAS staff in 3 tertiary general hospitals.RESULTS Of 132 PIVAS staff investigated,89.39% of them were with the sharp instruments within 12 months.There were 829 case-time in total with the average of 6.28 times;the incidence of sharp injuries in nursing staff was 91.86%,the incidence of PIVAS staff with 1-2-year service life was 100.00%,the incidence of the staff with primary titles was 94.49%;the types of sharp injuries in PIVAS staff were in order as the follows：ampoules,empty bottles injuries（45.24%）,glass debris injuries（29.79%）,needle injuries（15.44%）,and other injuries（9.53%）;the sharp injuries mainly occurred as breaking ampoule（31.00%）,cleaning table and ground（24.61%）,disfiguring needles（21.23%）,dropping sharp instruments（10.74%）,installing and adjusting needles（8.69%）,and disposing the medical waste（3.74%）.CONCLUSION The incidence of the sharp instrument injuries in the staff of PIVAS is high,therefore,the administrators and the staff in PIVAS need to pay much more attention to avoid and reduce the sharp injuries by improving the awareness of self-protection,skillfully practicing the standard operation,and intensifying the responsibilities and concentrations.