医院常见感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of distribution and drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial inflection

目的了解医院2010年病原菌分布特点及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法对医院2010年检出病原菌及耐药性进行统计分析。结果医院临床分离菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占77.6%,其次是革兰阳性球菌,占16.5%;最常见的病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌;肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星的耐药率均<20.0%,鲍氏不动杆菌耐药情况较严重,对所检测抗菌药物的耐药率在25.8%～90.3%,MRSA及MRSE均为多药耐药菌,其耐药率除万古霉素为0外,对其他抗菌药物均≥50.0%。结论医院应加强临床微生物学的检查,合理使用抗菌药物,减少细菌耐药性的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in 2010,so as to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic.METHODS The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated in our hospital in 2010 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS Among all the clinical isolates,the gram-negative bacilli were predominant,accounting for 77.6%,followed by the gram-positive cocci（16.5%）.the most common pathogenic bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonsa aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;the drug resistance rates of K.pneumonia,E.coli,and P.aeruginosa were all less than 20.0% to imipenem,piperacillin/tazobactam,and amikacin,the drug resistance rates of A.baumannii to the tested antibiotics varied from 25.8% to 90.3%,both MRSA and MRSE were multidrug-resistant strains,the drug resistance rates were higher than 50.0% except 0 to vancomycin.CONCLUSION Hospitals should enhance clinical microbiological test to promote rational use of antibacterials and reduce the incidence of bacterial drug resistance.