卵黄蛋白的结构和功能

Structure and Functions of Yolk Proteins

卵黄蛋白是卵生动物胚胎发育和早期幼体发育的主要营养物质,主要组分为卵黄蛋白原(Vitellogenin,Vg)酶解产生的卵黄脂磷蛋白(Lipovitellin,Lv)和卵黄高磷蛋白(Phosvitin,Pv).近年来,对于Lv和Pv结构和功能的研究取得长足进展,特别是发现它们具有免疫功能,使我们对Lv和Pv的作用有了新的认识.本文从结构、属性和功能方面对Lv和Pv进行了系统概述.

Early development of oviparous animals depends on the maternal provision of yolk proteins （Yps）, that are resulted from the proteolytic cleavage of the large precursor molecule vitellogenin （Vg）. Yps are main- ly consisted of lipovitellin （Lv） and phosvitin （Pv）. During the past decade, studies cn the structure and func- tions of Yps as well as their precursor Vg have made great progress. Both Yps and Vg were found to function as an immune-relevant molecule. This finding opens a new way for the study of the immunological roles of Yps in oviparous animals that rely on yolk proteins for embryonic development. Here we briefly summarize the progress on the study of Yps and Vg in recent years.