广州市青少年精神成瘾行为分析

Analysis of addictive behaviors among adolescents in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市青少年电子游戏、网络成瘾及赌博等精神成瘾行为现况,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用"中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷"对广州市66所学校11 939名学生进行问卷调查。结果青少年每天玩电子游戏≥4 h的比例为13.61%,男生(18.63%)远高于女生(9.30%),农村(14.56%)略高于城市(13.11%),职中生比例最高(25.65%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。青少年网络成瘾率为8.25%,男生(10.88%)明显高于女生(5.99%),职中生最高(10.25%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。青少年参加类似赌博的娱乐性活动的发生率为25.87%,男生(33.58%)高于女生(19.24%),城市(23.09%)低于农村(31.13%),职中生的发生率最高(38.63%),普通中学(24.26%)高于重点中学(20.84%),差异均有统计学意义。青少年上网的目的主要是:在线音乐、影视等的收听和收看(52.00%)、即时通讯(QQ,MSN等)(48.93%)、查阅资料(42.65%)。结论广州市青少年长时间玩电子游戏、上网及赌博等精神成瘾行为发生率较高,应通过学校、家庭及社会途径开展针对性干预。

Objective To understand the current status of addiction behaviors such as video or computer games,Internet addiction,gambling of adolescents in Guangzhou City,and to provide scientific evidence for intervention.Methods Questionnaire of Health Related Behaviors Among Adolescents in China was conducted among 11 939 students in 66 schools in Guangzhou.Results Among the adolescents,the proportion of students played video or computer games for more than 4 hours everyday was 13.61%,boys（18.63%） were higher than girls（9.30%）,rural（14.56%） was slightly higher than urban（13.11%）,vocational middle school students were of the highest（25.65%）.The incidence of Internet addiction was 8.25%,boys（10.88%） were significantly higher than girls（5.99%）,and the highest one occurred in the vocational middle schools.About 25.87% of adolescents had ever gambled,boys（33.58%） was higher than girls（19.24%）,rural（23.09%） was higher than urban（31.13%）,common middle school（24.26%） was higher than key middle school（20.84%）,and vocational middle school students were of the highest（25.65%）.The main purpose of surfing the Internet among adolescents was listening music and watching television online（52.00%）,instant messaging（QQ/MSN,ect）（48.93%）,data access（42.65%）.Conclusion Addiction behaviors such as video or computer games,Internet addiction,gambling are prevailing among adolescents in Guangzhou,intervention should be drawn up through the ways of school,family and community sections.