锂离子电池Sn基合金负极材料

Tin-Based Alloy Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

发展高安全性、高能量、低成本、长寿命锂离子电池是当前动力电池应用面临的巨大挑战。电池的性能主要取决于正负极电极材料的性能。Sn基合金负极具有高能量和安全特性,是一种很有产业化前景的锂离子电池负极材料。本文综述了Sn基合金电极作为锂离子电池负极的最新研究进展,对Sn基合金负极的不同制备方法进行了总结,重点介绍了锡基合金负极材料在电化学性能方面所存在的问题及其原因,包括锡基活性物质的损失、SEI膜和氧化膜的形成、纳米粒子的团聚和锂离子嵌入过程中死锂的产生等影响合金充放电性能的因素,最后展望了以提高Sn基合金负极电化学性能为目的的研究趋势。

Development of high safety, high energy, low cost and long service life Li ion rechargeable batteries is current a tremendous challenge for power battery application. The performance of the battery mainly depends on the nature of anode and cathode materials. Tin-based alloy is an industrially promising anode material for lithium ion batteries due to its high energy capacity and safety characteristics. In this review, the recent progress in Sn-based alloy anode materials for lithium ion batteries are reviewed. The different preparation methods of Sn- based alloy anodes are summarized. This review focuses on the problems in electrochemical properties of the Sn- based alloy anode and their causes, including the effect of loss of active material, SEI film and oxide film formation, aggregation of alloy particles and generation of dead lithium in the process of the intercalation of lithium ions on the charge and discharge performance of the alloy anode. The research trends in improving the electrochemical performance of the Sn-based alloy anode are prospected.