农村教育视角下的乡村治理与发展困境研究

Research on Rural Governance and Development Plight from Perspective of Rural Education

在城乡二元制社会结构下,外导向型精英化农村学校教育不仅使农村少数精英人才流向城市,也造成了大部分农村人口走出乡土社会,进入城市务工生活,致使乡村社会治理和发展的人力资源短缺。以城市为导向的农村学校教育脱离农村社会生活的实际,未能为农村社会的发展提供知识和技术支持。此外,农村教育也在破坏和消解着乡土社会生态环境。这一切都造成了乡村治理和发展的困境。农村教育惟有与乡土社会有机融合,以农村社会发展为导向,与地方自我治理相结合,方是解决乡村基层治理与发展困境的根本之举。

In the urban-rural dual system of social structure, external-onented and elitist rurat scnoot education not only made a few rural elites to the city, but also made the majority of the population go out of rural society and enter the city for working and living, which led to the shortage of human resources during the governance and development of rural society. The urban-oriented rural school education separa- ted from the reality of social life in rural areas and failed to provide the knowledge and technical support for the development of rural society. In addition, rural education also destructed and digested the rural social ecological environment. All these resulted in the plight of rural governance and development. Only if rural education combined closely with the rural society, based on the rural social development and combined with local sel{-governance, should it be the fundamental solution to do with the plight of the rural grass-roots governance and development.