幼儿异龄互动中的同伴关系研究

Research on Peers'Relationship in Cross-age Children Interaction

异龄互动是在一段时间内,一个或多个幼儿与其他异龄幼儿之间的相互接触,它对幼儿的认知、情感和社会性发展具有重要的作用,因此,对异龄互动的研究就显得相当必要了。本文首先从认知学派、社会学习理论以及人类发展生态学等几个理论流派中为异龄同伴关系寻找到了存在的依据。其次,探讨了异龄同伴关系的影响因素,它包括:幼儿的外貌、年龄差异、熟悉程度、发展水平差异以及共同的爱好兴趣;幼儿不同的行为特点和交往目的;物质环境的创设、材料的特征以及教育者。最后,从家长和教师两个方面就怎样促进异龄互动的发生,发展稳定的异龄同伴关系给出了建议。

Cross-age interaction is that one or one more children come into contact with different age children in a period of time, which has an important effect on young children＇s cognitive, emotional and social development. Therefore, the research on the cross-age interaction becomes quite necessary. Firstly, this paper shows the basis of existence for the cross-age relationship from the cognition theory, social learning theory and ecology of human development and several other theories. Secondly, it discusses the factors that influence the cross-age peer relationship, including children＇s appearance, age differences, fa- miliarity hobbies and common interests, different levels of development, children~ s different behavior characteristics and communicative purpose, material environment, material characteristics and educators. Finally, the paper proposes some strategies on how to promote the interaction between different age chil- dren and establish an stabilitive peer relationship of the different-age children from parents and teachers.