中等落粒性的改良型超级稻‘协青早A/M9308’应用价值评价

Application Evaluation on Improved Type of the Super Rice'Xieqingzao A/M9308' with Medium Shattering Habit

为了改善超级稻组合‘协青早A/T9308’易落粒特性,达到延长其生产应用寿命之目的,利用γ射线诱变技术,从易落粒恢复系T9308(显性)中,筛选到难落粒突变体M9308(隐性),并配制出具中等落粒性F1组合‘协青早A/M9308’。采用分期播种方式,再次对M9308、T9308、‘协青早A/M9308’和‘协青早A/T9308’在整个抽穗、灌浆和成熟等重要时期的落粒性、产量性状和稻米品质性状进行观察研究,并对‘协青早A/M9308’和‘协青早A/T9308’的2008—2009年多点大区自然和机割落粒损失作了调查。结果表明,M9308难落粒特性表达稳定,不论所处环境或成熟度大小,其落粒率均极显著低于T9308;‘协青早A/M9308’落粒性与其他‘协优’系列相近,明显低于‘协青早A/T9308’;‘协青早A/M9308’和‘协青早A/T9308’的农艺性状、经济性状与稻米品质性状均相仿;‘协青早A/M9308’明显减少了田间自然和机割稻谷损失率。综上所述,该改良型‘协青早A/M9308’具有替代原超级稻‘协青早A/T9308’而获得生产上可持续应用的实用价值。

To improve the easy threshing characteristic of fine super rice ＇Xieqingzao AFF9308＇ and prolong the production life, the easy threshing restorer line T9308 was mutated by γ-ray mutation, one mutant M9308 with difficult shedding habit was selected, and new super rice combination ＇Xieqingzao A/M9308＇ with medium shattering habit was selected mating. By interval sowing, the shattering habit, yield traits and rice quality traits of M9308, T9308, ＇Xieqingzao A/M9308＇ and ＇Xieqingzao A/T9308＇ were identified in heading date, filling stage and maturity. Two years multi-point shattering losses of ＇Xieqingzao A/M9308＇ and ＇Xieqingzao A/T9308＇ in nature and machine cutting were investigated. The results showed that, the inheritance of difficult shedding habit in M9308 was very stable, and its shattering rate was significantly lower than the T9308 whether the environment or maturity. The shattering habit of ＇Xieqingzao A/M9308＇ was similar with other ＇Xieyou＇ series, and significantly lower than the ＇Xieqingzao A/T9308＇. The agronomic characters, economic characters and rice quality traits of the two combinations were similar. ＇Xieqingzao A/ M9308＇ could significantly reduce the rice loss rate in nature and machine cutting. In＇a word, this ＇Xieqingzao A/M9308＇ had practical value of replacing the ＇ Xieyou 9308＇ for sustainable application in production.