紫扇贝与海湾扇贝杂交后代生长发育的比较研究

Comparison of Development and Growth of the F 1 and F 2 Hybrids Between the Peruvian and Bay Scallop

为进一步研究杂交扇贝的杂种优势。以紫扇贝、海湾扇贝及其杂交子一代为亲本,建立了紫扇贝自交(ZZ)、海湾扇贝自交(HH)、紫扇贝(卵)×海湾扇贝(精)(ZH)、海湾扇贝(卵)×紫扇贝(精)(HZ)和杂交扇贝F1代自交(F2)等5个实验群体,并比较各组受精率、孵化率、幼虫期存活率和收获时的壳高、体重及柱重等。实验结果表明:F2、ZH和HZ的受精率和孵化率均显著高于ZZ和HH,但F2的初始D形幼虫规格显著小于ZH和HZ。在幼虫期,F2和杂交一代ZH和HZ生长率和存活率显著高于自交组HH和ZZ。养成期F2的壳高和体重增长的速度慢于杂交子一代,但均显著高于自交组HH和ZZ,F2、ZH和HZ的出柱率均显著高于HH,表现出明显的杂种优势。

Two F, （HZ and ZH） and one F2 hybrid cohorts between the Peruvian scallop, Argopeeten purpuratus, and the bay scallop, A. irradians irradians were constructed and compared with their inbred cohorts （HH and ZZ） for the further study of the hybrid heterosis. The results showed that the fertilization rate, hatching rate, and larval survival rate of F2, ZH and HZ were higher than those of ZZ and HH, although the initial D-larvae shell height of F2 was significantly smaller than those of F1 cohorts. At harvest, the shell height, body weight and adductor muscle weight of F2 cohorts were smaller than F1 cohorts but significantly larger than inbred cohorts. It was thus possible to select strains with improved performance from hybrids.