早期气管切开对重型颅脑损伤患者治疗效果与预后的影响

Influence of early trachea cut on treatment effect and prognosis of patients with severe head injury

目的探讨对重型颅脑损伤患者给予早期气管切开治疗的临床效果及对预后的影响。方法选择2009年1月至2011年9月该院神经外科收治的112例重型颅脑损伤患者,按气管切开时间随机平均分为两组,研究组(56例)在受伤后12h内气管切开,对照组(56例)在受伤后12h后气管切开。对两组患者肺部感染的发生率、感染的控制率、控制感染的时间以及病死率进行统计分析。结果研究组肺部感染的发生率和病死率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组感染的控制率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组控制感染的时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对重型颅脑损伤患者给予早期气管切开治疗可以很好地降低肺部感染的发生率,并且感染容易控制,同时能降低病死率。

Objective To explore the influence of early trachea cut on treatment effect and prognosis of pa- tients with severe head injury. Methods 112 cases of severe head injury from January 2009 to September 2011 were divided into two groups according to trachea cut time. After an injury,the study group（56 cases） were cut trachea In the 12 h,and the control group（56 cases） were cut trachea after the 12 h. Compared the incidence rates of lung infec- tion, infection control, control of infection time and mortality of the two groups. Results The incidence rates of lung infection and mortality of the study group were significantly lower than these of control group（P〈0.05）. The infec- tion control rate of the study group was significantly higher than it of control group（P〈0.05）. The control of infec- tion time of the study group were significantly lower than it of control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The trachea early treatment on severe head injury patients can reduce the incidence rate of lung infection. And the infection is easy to control, mortality is reduced.