从“农转城空巢老人”看土地市场化改革——基于重庆市綦江区东溪镇大榜村调查的思考

On Market-oriented Land Reform Based on Rural Left-behind Old People Who and Whose Next Generation Have Become Urban Residents but Who still Work and Live in the Countryside —Reflection Based on the Investigation on Dabang Village of Dongxi Town of Qijian

分户转城住村的农转城空巢老人,是重庆户籍制度改革的特有现象。农转城空巢老人是居住乡村的"城镇居民",农转城并未给其生活来实际的改变,经济状况、生活状况、健康状况、闲暇状况都不容乐观。农村老人分户转城是为了留住土地这个"根",转城住村是为了守住"一亩三分地","土地财富"是农转城空巢老人问题的关节点。因此,必须通过土地市场化改革,确保农民的土地财富,才能引导农转城空巢老人走出困境,才能实现农民"转户进城"成为新市民的伟大变革。

The rural left-behind old people who and whose next generation have become urban residents but who still work and live in the countryside, which is a special phenomenon of Chongqing＇ s household register system reform. The rural left-behind old people are ＂urban residents＂ who live in the countryside, their household register change does not bring real change to their life, and their economic situation, living condition, health condition and recreation condition are not optimistic. The rural left-behind old people work and live in the countryside in order to retain their ＂root＂ of land, their household register has become urban residents but they still work and live in the countryside because they try to continuously maintain ＂their land＂ and ＂land wealth＂ is the key to the problem of the rural left-behind old people. Thus, Chongqing must perform market-oriented land reform and ensure the peasants to own land wealth so that the rural left-behind people can be guided to move away from the predicament and the great change of the peasants to urban residents and to live in the cities can be realized.