西柏坡时期基层政权的建构——以华北地区为例

Construction of Grassroots Government in Xibaipo Period: A Case Study of North China

西柏坡时期的基层政权建设担负着新中国政权建设探索和实践的重任,村、县政权是这一时期基层建政的基础,党内已达成理论共识。土地改革、整顿党支部以及一系列的基层政权建构的法令奠定了西柏坡时期基层政权建构的权威基础。通过建立村、县人民代表会议,选举各级政府委员会,构建了西柏坡时期基层政权的组织体系,有继承也有创新,体现了其转折性和开拓性。西柏坡时期基层政权的建构为基层政权建设提供了一些经验,比如,把获得农民的政治认同放到了首位;尊重民意、深入基层、实事求是以及开拓创新;善于总结经验,指导基层政权建设;时刻注意克服官僚主义和腐化堕落思想的侵蚀等。在基层建政的迫切性以及现实条件的制约下,西柏坡时期基层政权建构过程中难免暴露出一些不足。

The construction of grassroots government in Xibaipo period took the responsibility of exploration and practice for the regime of new China. The village government and the county government were the foundation of grassroots government in that period,which was a theoretical common sense acknowledged by the administrative members of CPC. Series of decrees issued for the Agrarian reform and reorganization of the Party branches, set up the authoritative foundation of the construction of grassroots government in Xibaipo Period. The structure of grassroots government in that period was an organization system composed of the various level Peoples＇ Representative Confer- ence and Government Committee established in the village and the county. This organization system with inheritance and innovation was the indication of the turning point and pioneering. So the construction of grassroots government in Xibaipo period provides some experiences, such as obtaining political identification of the farmers;respecting and widely accepting the public opinion, seeking truth from facts,making exploitation and innovation, being good at summing up experience to instruct the construction of grassroots government;and paying attention to bureaucracy and corruption. However, the construction of the grassroots government inevitably had some shortcomings,because of the urgency and the limit of reality in course of the construction of the grassroots government.