冀西北高寒半干旱区不同萝卜品种的生长发育特性比较

Comparative Studies on Growth Characteristics of Different Radish Varieties in the Northwest area of Hebei Province

采用田间小区试验方法,以春冠、春光、春冠35、春雪圣、春辉和春蕾6个萝卜品种为试材,对其生长发育特性进行了系统比较,结果表明:春冠、春蕾和春雪圣在苗期长势明显较其他3个品种旺盛,此时春雪圣叶绿素含量(SPAD值)显著高于其他品种;随着萝卜的生长发育,春冠与春雪圣生长速度减缓,收获时,二者产量较其他品种下降幅度分别达14.0%～20.6%和31.8%～37.0%;春蕾和春光鲜生物量和干物质量中等;春辉萝卜产量、肉质根干物质累积量均最大,其根冠比(R/S)也显著高于其他品种;春冠35产量次之。对各品种源、库活性进行比较,结果发现,在苗期-肉质根膨大期,春辉与春冠35这2个品种源、库活性均明显优于其他各品种。由此可见,不同萝卜品种的生长发育特性存在明显的基因型差异,而苗期-肉质根膨大期较高的源、库活性是春辉和春冠35这2个品种最终获得较高产量的关键因素。

A field experiment was conducted to study the growth characteristics of six radish varieties in the northwest area of Hebei Province.The results indicated that the growth vigor of Chun Guan,Chun Lei and Chun Xue-sheng were thriver than other varieties at seeding stage,especially SPAD value of Chun Xue-sheng was highest.While the growth rate of Chun Guan and Chun Xue-sheng decreased gradually after seeding stage,and their yields were decreased by 14.0%-20.6% and 31.8%-37.0% compared to the other varieties at harvest,respectively.Chun Lei and Chun Guan had moderate fresh biomass and dry matter content.The highest yield and dry-matter of root was found in Chun Hui variety,which also had the biggest ratio of root to shoot（R/S）.And the second highest yield was obtained in Chun Guan 35.In addition,source and sink activity of Chun Hui and Chun Guan 35 were higher significantly than other radish varieties from seeding stage to fleshy taproot development stage.In conclusion,the growth characteristics of tested six radish varieties had significant difference,and the higher source and sink activity of Chun Hui and Chun Guan 35 from seeding stage to fleshy taproot development stage might be the key factors of obtaining higher yield.