温室种植年限对山西石灰性土壤磷含量及无机磷形态的影响

Changes of Calcareous Soil P Stocks and Inorganic P Fractions of Solar Greenhouse with Planting Term in Shanxi

日光温室的施肥管理和生态条件会影响土壤P素循环和利用,明确山西石灰性土壤P素变化对提高温室P肥利用效率和降低对环境影响具有重要意义。通过对山西中南部栽培年限为0～15年的温室土壤分析表明:随栽培年限增加,土壤全P、无机P、Olsen-P及无机P组分的Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Ca10-P,Al-P,Fe-P含量均明显增加,但Olsen-P含量的增加幅度低于全P和无机P含量的增加;Ca10-P含量的增加幅度低于其他无机P组分Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Al-P,Fe-P含量的增加,其中,Ca8-P含量增加最为明显。栽培年限对无机P占全P的比例没有影响;粮田Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Ca10-P,Fe-P和Al-P占无机P的比例分别为3.4%,23.9%,67.2%,3.3%和2.0%,栽培2年后,Ca2-P占无机P的比例提高到8%～9%,然后趋于稳定;栽培年限4～5年后,Ca8-P占无机P的比例高达50%。

P nutrient management and specific ecological conditions of solar greenhouse influence P cycling and utilization.The objects of this research is to explore changes of calcareous soil P stocks and inorganic P fractions in solar greenhouse with planting term in Shanxi,which will guide for P use efficiency improvement and diminishing negative impacts to environment.The results demonstrated that the contents of soil total P,inorganic P,Olsen-P and fractions of inorganic P（including Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Ca10-P,Al-P,Fe-P）significantly increased with continuous planting term.Whereas correlation coefficient（r）of Olsen-P with planting term was lower than those of soil total P and inorganic P.The influence of cultivating term on Ca10-P was the lowest among the inorganic P fractions.Planting term had no any effect on the percentage of inorganic P in soil total P.The percentages of Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Ca10-P,Fe-P and Al-P of inorganic P were 3.4%,23.9%,67.2%,3.3% and 2.0% respectively,in soil which crops were grown.When the land was converted to solar greenhouse for vegetable production,ratio of Ca2-P in inorganic P increased to 8%-9% during the first two planting years and then kept stable.Meanwhile ratio of Ca8-P in inorganic P researched to 50% when the soil was used as solar greenhouse for 4-5 years.Afterwards the ratios of inorganic P fractions were not influenced by planting term.