国内外生物质气化设备研究进展

Research progress in biomass gasification equipment

生物质是重要的可再生能源,生物质气化技术在国内外得到了广泛应用。本文综述了国内外固定床、鼓泡流化床、外循环流化床、内循环流化床、双循环流化床的结构。固定床安装简单,但焦油较多;外循环流化床燃烧效率高,但回料装置较难控制;内循环流化床不易结焦、氢含量高且不用考虑返料问题;双流化床结构复杂但焦油量少。将对固定床和流化床进行对比,认为固定床安装简单适合农村地区,流化床应不断改进和完善,更适应工业化生产。

Biomass is a very important renewable energy.Biomass gasification technology has been widely applied over the world.This paper reviews the structure of fixed bed,bubbling fluidized bed,circulating fluidized bed,internal circulating fluidized bed,dual circulating fluidized bed applied in biomass gasification.Fixed bed is easy to install,but with more tar generated in operation.The efficiency of circulating fluidized bed combustion is high,but its feedback unit is difficult to control.The internal circulating fluidized bed can provide high hydrogen content with less coking,and no special consideration needed on feedback flow.Dual fluidized bed structure is complicate,but with less tar.Comparing fixed beds and fluidized-beds,it can be concluded that the installation of fixed beds are simple and it is suitable for rural areas,and that fluidized bed should be constantly improved,more suitable for industrial production.