汽车磁流变碰撞缓冲器的优化设计与分析

Optimal design and analysis of magnetorheological shock absorber for vehicle crash mitigation

为改进汽车碰撞安全性能,提出一种基于磁流变技术的新型汽车智能碰撞缓冲器的设计方案。针对现有磁流变缓冲器高速环境工作中存在设计理论不足的问题,提出以宾汉塑性非线性流体修正模型为理论基础,将优化目标转化为响应时间、最大阻尼力和阻尼力的动态范围三个指标的加权和,运用遗传算法对所设计的磁流变缓冲器结构参数进行优化的方法。优化结果表明,所提出的设计和优化方法使磁流变缓冲器具有更好的磁路结构,更短的响应时间。

To improve the collision performance of traditional vehicles, a new vehicle collision absorber is proposed and optimized in this study. On the basis of Bingham - plastic nonlinear flow modified （BPM） model, a weighting objective function of the response time, the maximum damping force and the damping dynamic range is formulated to avoid the design limitation under the high impact condition. A genetic al- gorithm is applied to find the optimal solution. The optimal results show that the magnetic circuit of the optimal MR absorber is more reasonable and the response time is much shorter.