胎儿期铅暴露对婴儿发育的影响

THE IMPACTS OF LOW-LEVEL LEAD EXPOSURE ON THE EARLY DEVELOPMEMENT OF INFANTS

目的 :研究出生前后低水平铅暴露对儿童发育的影响。方法 :前瞻性观察了 385例出生时血铅在 0 .12～ 0 .88μmol/ L低水平铅暴露婴儿的发育 ,通过多因素统计评价其因果关系。结果 :脐带血铅水平与出生 3个月时在 Baylry发育量表上的精神发育指数 (MDI)和心理运动发育指数 (PDI)呈明显负相关关系。血铅≥ 0 .48μm ol/ L的婴儿在 3月龄时的 MDI和 PDI明显低于血铅水平 <0 .48μmol/ L 者 ,分别相差 5 .1和 9.2分 ,差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 .0 1)。经多元逐步回归分析和多元协方差分析 ,此种差异仍然存在。结论 :提示儿童血铅水平≥ 0 .48μmol/ L时确能对早期发育产生不良影响。

Objective:The development impace of low level lead exposure at early life was assessed Methods:In a prospetive study of 385 infants to identify if the development of infants with blood lead level above 0 48 μmol/L would be adrersely affected Results:Umbilicul cord blood lead lerels (CBPb) were determined as amarker of lead exposure Infant development was ervaluted with the Bayley scales of infant development in 3 months old At the investigated exposure level (CBPb=0 12~0 88 μmol/L),mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) were inversely related with CBPb (P<0 01) Inwer MDI and PDI,compared with those whose CBPb was below 0 48 μmol/L,the differences of MDI and PDI between the high and low,CBPb were 5 1 and 9 2,respectively The development differences remained statistcally significant after controling for potential confounding factors Conclusion:We concluded that low lerel lead exposure can adrersely affect the early infant development