玉米自交系和F_(2:3)家系对黄曲霉菌抗性的鉴定

Identification of the resistance to Aspergillus flavus of inbred lines and F_(2:3) families in maize

对166个玉米自交系以及抗黄曲霉菌的自交系RA与感黄曲霉菌的自交系M5P杂交获得的79个F2:3家系进行黄曲霉菌抗性鉴定。结果表明:不同自交系接种后的发病级别不同,在166个自交系中发病级别最高的达到10级,而最低的级别为2.4级,绝大部分自交系发病级别较高,基因型不同的材料对黄曲霉菌的抗性差异极显著;在79个F2:3群体中,抗性较强(1～3级)的家系只有2个;有7个家系基本不存在任何抗性(8～10级);51个家系的抗性较弱(5～8级);20个家系的抗性水平中等(3～5级),整个群体抗性水平接近正态分布,这表明通过开展抗性育种工作可提高玉米对黄曲霉菌的抗性。

The evaluation of resistance to Aspergillus flavus was conducted,which involved 166 inbred lines and 79 F2：3 population derived from the cross between resistant inbred line RA and susceptible inbred line M5P.The result showed that different inbred lines had different disease grades after inoculation,and most of them had relatively high grade.The highest grade was 10 among 166 inbred lines,whereas the lowest was 2.4.There was significant difference among different genotype materials,which suggested that the genetic composition of different materials significantly affected the resistance of seeds.Also,among 79 F2：3 Population,there were only 2 resistant lines with disease grades 1-3,6 lines of resistance with grades 8-10,51 lines of weak resistance with grades 5-8,and 20 lines of median resistance with grades 3-5.The resistance of the entire group was close to the normal distribution.Therefore,the resistance to Aspergillus flavus can be improved by breeding.