基于生态补偿的低丘岗地改造与景观生态设计

Landscape Ecology Design in Reconstruction Project of Low Hill and Hillock Area

低丘岗地改造是对景观单元的空间结构进行调整和重新构建。以湖北省红安县盐店河村为例,在完成生态调查和景观生态分区的基础上,制定了两个景观设计方案,并结合景观空间格局分析、景观稳定性评价以及生态服务价值测算,对两个景观生态设计方案进行了比较。结果显示:以增加耕地为目标的土地整理设计思路制定的方案,虽然采用了各种农田水利和护坡工程措施,但由于加大了对荒草地的开发,进一步减少了景观组分,降低了景观生态的稳定性,由原来的0.546下降为0.340,而生态服务价值为109.85万元/a,略有提高;以生态补偿为目标制定的方案,引进了新的景观组分,坡旱地改造为生态林地和经济林地,因而景观生态稳定性得到较大提升,达到0.66,生态服务价值也得到较大提高,达到139.65万元/a。

The spatial pattern of landscape must be adjusted and reconstructed by the reforming project in the low hilly land.With a case of Yandianhe Village in Hong′an County,Hubei Province,two programs of landscape ecological design was proposed based on the ecology investigation and the landscape ecology district of function.And that,this research compared with the two programs by landscape spatial pattern analysis,landscape stability appraisal and ecology service value reckoning.The results showed that the landscape ecological stability reduced with the program 1 although a variety of water conservancy and slope protection engineering measures were used.And the evaluation value of ecological stability was down from 0.546 to 0.340,in spite that the ecosystem service value increased by 1.098 5×106 Yuan/a;compared with program 1,program 2 was in order to ecological compensation,which made the landscape ecological stability improve greatly with introduction of some new landscape components.The evaluation value of ecological stability was up to 0.66,and the ecosystem service value increased by 1.396 5×10^6 Yuan/a.