不同性别冠心病患者相关危险因素的对比研究

Related risk factors comsparison in male and female patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨不同性别患者年龄、吸烟、高血压病、糖尿病、血脂代谢紊乱、家族史与冠心病发病的关系。方法收集2008年11月至2009年5月在廊坊市人民医院心内科住院的496例冠心病患者,核实全部病史情况,将数据进行统计学分析。结果总计496例患者中(男311、女185),吸烟、高血压病、糖尿病、血脂代谢紊乱、家族史以及年龄在60岁以上的人所占百分比,男性分别为:47%,52%,31%,46%,23%,52%;女性分别为:9%,50%,53%,49%,26%,74%。其中,吸烟比率男性明显高于女性(P<0.05),高血压病、血脂代谢紊乱和家族史对不同性别冠心病的作用强度无差别,糖尿病和年龄对女性冠心病的作用强度明显大于男性(P<0.05),但年龄在60岁以上的患者中,女性血脂代谢紊乱的比率远远高于男性(男性41%、女性59%)。结论不同性别冠心病主要危险因素存在差异,糖尿病和血脂代谢紊乱是老年女性冠心病的主要危险因素。

Objective To explore the association between age,smoking,hypertension,diabetea mellitus（DM）,serum lipid metabolic dysfunction,family history and coronary heart disease（CHD） in different sex patients. Methods From November 2008 to May 2009 5, 496 CHD cases were collected from Langfang Peple’s Hospital. The subjects’ histories were determined. Results There were 311 male patients and 185 female patients and the rates of smoking,hypertension,DM, serum lipid metabolic dysfunction and﹥60 years old in male patients were 47%,52%,31%,46%,23% and 52% respectively,while those of in female ones were 9%,50%,53%,49%,26%and74% respectively.Among these risk factors,the rate of smoking in male patients was higher than that in female patients（P〈0.05）,The effect of hypertension, serum lipid metabolic dysfunction and family history on different sex patients with CHD had no difference,but among﹥60 years old patients,the rate of serum lipid metabolic dysfunction in female patients was significantly higher than that in male patients while the effects of DM and age on female patients with CHD were stronger than those on male patients with CHD （P〈0.05）. Conclusion There are differences in risk factors between different sex patients with CHD.DM and serum lipid metabolic dysfunction is a main risk factor for female patients with CHD.