老年人跌倒的危险因素

The Risks of the Falls for Old Peoples

老年人跌倒是严重的公共卫生事件。跌倒严重影响老年人的生存质量,给整个社会及家庭带来沉重经济负担。影响跌倒的危险因素是多方面的,随着年龄的增长,老年人会出现中枢和周围神经系统退变、感觉功能衰退、肌肉力量下降、平衡能力下降、步态稳定性下降。这些变化是导致老年人跌倒的危险因素,而心脑血管类疾病、神经系统疾病、药物不良反应、环境因素和跌倒恐惧症也使老年人跌倒风险增加。

Old people＇s falls is one of the serious public health incidents, which affects the old people＇s life quality badly and brings huge economic burden to the whole society and family. Fall risk factors are various and the following were found to be the most common risk factors, central and peripheral nervous system degeneration, feeling function fading, muscle strength decrease, balance ability drop, and gait stability decline along with aging. These changes are fall risk factors of older people, while cerebrovascular diseases, neurological disorders, adverse drug reaction, environmental factors and fall phobia may increase the risks.