抽油机用电动机和外加装置的节能运行分析

Energy-saving Operation Analysis of the Motors and Additional Devices in Pumping Unit

电网直接供电的普通三相异步电机的特点与抽油机负载的需求不匹配,是抽油机系统效率低下的根源。对电动机进行改进或外加节能装置,可以实现一定程度的节能运行,但往往又会引起新的问题。抽油机系统是比较复杂的系统,系统的节能不仅取决于电动机的效率,而且与输电线路上的损耗、对电网的谐波污染、生产工艺、可靠性及成本等因素有关。本文从系统的角度详细分析了抽油机常用的各种电动机和外加节能装置的节能原理与优缺点,对其进行综合评价,为抽油机节能装置的改进或研制提供借鉴。

The mismatch between the common three-phase induction motor directly fed by the grid and the pumping unit is the main reason of the low efficiency of the pumping system.Using modified motors or additional energy-saving devices can achieve a certain degree of energy-saving operation,but often leads to new problems.The energy-saving operation of the system is not only related to the motor＇s efficiency,but also related to the loss of the transmission line,the harmonic pollution to the grid,the production process,the reliability and the cost.The energy-saving principle,the advantages and disadvantages of the motors and additional devices commonly used in pumping unit are deeply analyzed from the system point of view.Comprehensive evaluation is proposed to provide reference for modification and development of the energy-saving devices of pumping unit.