建国以来我国高中体育教材内容的演变脉络与展望

Evolution and Envision of The Contents of Sports Teaching Materials in China since 1949

通过文献资料法、数理统计法,对建国以来八次体育课改中高中体育教材内容的变化情况进行了分析,结果认为:(1)高中体育教材选编原则、教材内容的变化符合各个时期政治、社会、文化的历史背景,并逐渐体现了教学以"健康第一"、"学生为本"的理念与思想;(2)历届课改高中体育基础知识教学内容与教学时数比重基本保持一致,并列为必修教材内容;田径教材内容教学学时数与比重变化较大,总体呈现下降趋势;体操教材内容的教学学时数从总体上说也呈现下降趋势,第八次课改许多省市则取消了体操教材内容。球类教材学时数与比重起伏不定,教材的性质从必修到选修中的限选内容;游泳教材内容主要体现了地域性特点;武术或民族传统体育教材内容是我国特有的体育传统项目,基本列为必修教材。根据以上分析的结论,提出了相应的对策。

Using the methods of documentation and mathematical statistics, the paper analyzeo the variation of the contents of sports teaching materials during the eight sports curriculum refor- mations, and the conclusions are drawn as follows： （1） The editing principles of the teaching ma- terials of the sports of high school and the variation of the contents of sports teaching materials have well matched the political, social and cultural background of different historical periods, and have gradually demonstrated that teaching should be based on the philosophy of ＂Health First＂, as welt as ＂student--centered＂; （2） The teaching contents on high school basic sports knowledge and the ratio of the teaching hours stay the same during all the teaching re[ormations, and the course has been considered as required the contents of sports teaching materials; The teaching hours and the ratio of the track and field the contents of teaching materials have varied a lot, e- merging the trend of decreasing as a whole; The teaching hours of the gymnastics the contents of teaching materials have also tracked the trend of falling down, and many cities and provinces can- celled the gymnastics the contents of teaching materials during the eighth curriculum reformation. The teaching hours and ratio of the ball teaching material fluctuate greatly, whose quality also changed from required courses to selective courses; The swimming the contents of teaching mate- rials have shown regional characteristics; Martial Arts or other traditional ethnic sports are spe- cial traditional sports in our country, and they are usually considered as required courses. Based on the conclusions above, the paper proposed corresponding countermeasures.