GPI锚定蛋白的合成及功能

GPI-anchored Proteins'Biosynthesis and Functions

哺乳动物细胞中的蛋白有超过100多种是翻译后在其C端添加糖基磷脂酰肌醇(glycosylphosphatidyli-nositol,GPI)进行修饰,然后通过脂质部分锚定在细胞表面。GPI锚定蛋白有多种功能,涉及细胞识别、生长、分化和程序性死亡等重要生命过程,与许多疾病有着一定的联系。GPI锚定蛋白主要与膜上微区域或膜上脂筏相连,该微区域或脂筏富含鞘磷脂和胆固醇。现在普遍认为GPI锚定蛋白与膜上脂筏的连接在信号转导和其他功能方面具有重要意义。本文就GPI锚定蛋白的生物合成及功能进行综述。

More than 100 mammalian proteins are post-translational modified by glycosylphosphatidylinositol （GPI） at their C-termini and are anchored to the cell surface membrane via the lipid portion. GPI-anchored proteins （GPI-APs） have various functions, they take part in some important activities, such as cell recognition, cell producing, cell differentia- tion, programmed cell death and so on. They have connection with many diseases. GPI-anchored proteins are mainly associat- ed with membrane micro domains or membrane raft enriched in sphingolipids and cholesterol. It is thought that association with membrane rafts is important for GPI-APs in signal transduction and other functions. Here, we review recent progress in studies on biosynthesis and functions of GPI - APs.