列宁对“公仆原则”的理论与实践

Lenin＇s Theory and Practice of the ＂Public Servant Principle＂

列宁在十月革命前，阐明了马克思恩格斯关于巴黎公社实行“社会公仆”的原则、防止社会公仆变为社会主人的思想，包括铲除特权、人民管理、人民民主等。十月革命胜利后，列宁总结实践经验，防止公仆变为主人的思想很丰富、很深刻，也弥足珍贵：警惕“执政党的引诱力”，防止脱离群众的危险；反对特权，对党员的惩处严于非党员；坚持体制改革，健全权力制约和权力监督机制；加强法制，从严执法；加强思想政治教育。

Before the October Revolution, Lenin had clarified Marx and Engels principle of ＂public ser- vants＂ of Paris Commune, and the thoughts on avoiding public servants＂ transformation into social hosts, which included rooting out ＂special privilege＂ and emphasizing people＇s governance and people＇s democracy. After the victory of the October Revolution, Lenin summed up experience. His thoughts on avoiding the public servants＂ transformation into hosts are rich, deep and precious： to watch out for ＂the temptation of the ruling party＂, to avoid the danger of separating from the masses, to oppose “special privilege” and be more strict with party members than non party members, to persist in structural reforms, to perfect the system of power restriction and supervision, to strengthen the rule of law, and to strictly enforce the law, to strengthen ideological and political education.