长白山北坡访花昆虫的多样性及时空动态

Diversity and Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Flower Visitors in the Northern Slope of Changbai Mountain

长白山是中国东北地区最高山,因其特殊的地理位置、气候及火山地貌而蕴藏着丰富的昆虫资源。为研究长白山北坡不同海拔和时间访花昆虫的多样性,对长白山北坡访花昆虫进行了调查分析。结果表明:长白山北坡访花昆虫主要来自膜翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目和鞘翅目。长白山4个垂直带内访花昆虫的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Margalef丰富度指数(E)随海拔升高而降低,优势度集中性指数(C)随海拔升高而升高,反映出针阔混交林带访花昆虫的多样性最大,高山苔原带访花昆虫的多样性最小。高海拔植被带访花昆虫的多样性与低海拔植被带访花昆虫的多样性极不相似;相邻海拔昆虫的多样性中等不相似。访花昆虫多样性指数的最大值出现在7月份。

Changbai Mountain is the highest mountain in northeastern China and it has abundant resources because of its particular location,climate and volcanic landform.In order to determine the diversity of flower visitors and to compare the diversity of different altitudes and time,the diversity indexes of flower visitors were studied and the spatio-temporal dynamics of four major visitor communities was analyzed.The results showed that the insects of Diptera,Lepidoptera,Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were major visitors.The community diversity indexes were negatively correlated to altitude,and the highest diversity indexes occurred in July.There was significant correlation between visitor species and flower species.