大豆异黄酮对雄性香猪生殖器官发育及组织生化指标的影响

Effects of soybean isoflavones on reproductive organ development and biochemical indices of male Xiang pigs

研究大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavones,SI)对雄性香猪生长性能、生殖器官发育及睾丸、附睾组织生化指标的影响。用单因子设计,将50头健康的28d雄性香猪随机分成5个处理,1～4组分别在基础日粮中添加0、125、250和500mg·kg-1水平的SI,第5组添加0.5mg·kg-1水平的己烯雌酚,饲养期60d,饲养结束后每组随机选择5头猪屠宰,记录生殖器官质量,并取睾丸、附睾样分析组织生化指标。结果发现,各添加水平的SI对香猪的生长性能均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。250mg·kg-1添加水平的SI较空白组显著增加了香猪的睾丸指数,降低了其前列腺和精囊腺指数(P<0.05),而500mg·kg-1SI组极显著降低了香猪的睾丸和附睾指数(P<0.05)。和空白组相比,日粮中添加各水平的SI极显著增加了香猪睾丸组织α-葡糖糖苷酶含量(P<0.01);500mg·kg-1 SI组极显著增加了睾丸组织乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量和附睾组织肉毒碱、α-葡糖糖苷酶含量(P<0.01);250mg·kg-1 SI组显著降低了附睾组织谷酰转肽酶(GGT)含量,且增加了睾丸组织的丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05);125mg·kg-1 SI组显著降低了附睾组织GGT含量(P<0.05)。和己烯雌酚组相比,500mg·kg-1 SI组香猪睾丸组织的GGT(P<0.05)和LDH(P<0.01)含量均提高;250mg·kg-1 SI组猪附睾组织GGT含量极显著降低(P<0.01),睾丸组织MDA含量升高(P<0.05);而125mg·kg-1 SI组附睾组织GGT、α-葡糖糖苷酶、肉毒碱含量极显著降低(P<0.01),果糖含量显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可知,在日粮中添加不同剂量的大豆异黄酮会对环江香猪的生殖器官发育和组织生化指标产生不同的影响,这些变化均与大豆异黄酮的剂量有关,其对雄性生殖系统产生副作用的阈剂量可能在250～500mg·kg-1之间。

To investigate the effects of soybean isoflavones （SI） on growth performance, reproductive organ development, testis and epididymis biochemical indices of male Xiang pigs, 50 healthy male pigs aged 28 d were selected and divided at random into five groups （10 pigs per group）. The pigs in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were fed basal diet with 0, 125, 250, 500 mg.kg-1 SI respectively, while the pigs in group 5 fed basal diet with 0.5 rag. kg-1 diethylstilbestrol for 60 d. Five pigs of each group were slaughtered at the end of the feeding period to determine the mass of reproductive organs, and to analyze several biochemical indices in testis and epididymis of the pigs. The results showed that there were no significant differences （P 〈 0. 05） in growth performance among the different treatments. However, the relative testis mass of the pigs in group 3 was greater （P 〈 0.05） than that in group 1 and the relative prostate mass and seminal vesicle one of the pigs in group 3 were less （P 〈 0.05） than those in group 1. By contrast, the relative testis mass and epididymis one were less （P 〈 0.05） than those in group 1. Moreover, the testis＇ a-glucosidase concentration of all treatments, the lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） concentration in testis and the carnitine and a-glucosidase in epididymis of the pigs in group 4 were significantly higher （P 〈 0. 01） than those in group 1. But the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT） concentrations in epididymis of the pigs in group 2 and 3 were less （P 〈 0.05）, and the malondialdehyde （MDA） concentration in testis of the pigs in group 3 was higher （P 〈 0.05） than those in group 1. Compared with the positive control, 500 mg. kg-1 SI in diet could improve the GGT concentration （P 〈 0.01） and the LDH concentration （P 〈 0. 05） of the testis; but 250 mg. kg-1 SI had adverse effect on the GGT concentration of the epididymis （P 〈 0. 01）, and 125 mg. kg-1 SI could decrease the carnitine, a-glucosidase, GGT concentration （P 〈 0. 01） and fructose concentration （P 〈 0. 05）. The MDA concentration was higher in testis （P 〈 0.05 ） of the pigs in group 3 than that in group 5. In conclusion, different levels of SI supplemented in the diet of male Xiang pigs can cause different effects on reproductive organs. The level of SI that cause adverse effect on male reproductive organs may he in the range of 250-500 mg. kg-1 .