基于静电纺丝技术的多级结构聚合物纳米纤维复合材料的研究进展

RECENT PROGRESS IN HIERARCHICALLY ORGANIZED POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS

静电纺丝技术是目前制备纳米纤维最重要的方法之一,以其制备的纤维具有直径可控、比表面积大、孔隙率高等优点,因而被广泛应用于过滤、催化、传感器及生物医学等众多领域.以静电纺丝纤维为模板可进一步构建多级结构的功能性聚合物纳米纤维复合材料,拓宽其应用范围.本文着重概述了近年来基于静电纺丝技术的简单共混型、核壳结构及多级结构的聚合物纳米纤维复合材料的制备、结构及性能,并展望了其应用研究前景.

Electrospinning is one of the most basic techniques for the production of nanoscale fibers. Electrospun nanofibers have excellent properties including small diameter,high surface area to volume ratio and high porosity, thus making them excellent candidates for filtration, catalysis, sensors as well as in biomedical applications. Moreover,muhifunctional nanocomposites can be obtained with different functions and elements being hierarchically incorporated into electrospun nanofibers,which will largely broaden their applications in water treatment, heahhcare, defense and other technologies. Herein, some recent progress in preparation, structures and properties of hierarchically organized polymer nanocomposites based on electrospun nanofibers are briefly summarized and discussed along with their prospect in practical applications.