白黄侧耳子实体颜色遗传规律

Fruit-Body Color Inheritance of Pleurotus cornucopiae

【目的】研究白黄侧耳子实体颜色的遗传规律,为平菇的色泽定向育种提供遗传学依据。【方法】以白黄侧耳Pleurotus cornucopiae白色菌株CCMSSC00358(P-w)和深灰色菌株CCMSSC00406(P-d)为材料,构建自交系2个(P-w×P-w、P-d×P-d),两亲本杂交一代(F1,P-w×P-d),杂交一代中浅灰色和深灰色子实体与二亲本的回交系4个(F1浅×P-w、F1浅×P-d,F1深×P-w、F1深×P-d),共7个家系群体。出菇期观测统计各家系群体不同颜色的个体数。【结果】菌株P-w的自交系出菇29个,子实体全部为白色。菌株P-d的自交系出菇17个,子实体浅灰色5个、深灰色12个,经卡方检验,浅灰色﹕深灰色=1﹕3。杂交一代(F1,P-w×P-d)出菇82个,子实体颜色呈现由浅向深的连续分布,无白色子实体出现。按照深浅分为浅灰色和深灰色两大类,分别为47个和35个,经卡方检验,比例为1﹕1。在回交系中,F1代与白色亲本杂交,经卡方检验,出现深灰色﹕浅灰色﹕白色=1﹕4﹕3的分离;与深灰色亲本杂交,无白色子实体出现,经卡方检验深灰色﹕浅灰色=5﹕3。【结论】白黄侧耳子实体的颜色性状为数量性状,深灰色对白色呈不完全显性,由不同位点上的两对主基因控制。

[Objective] The inheritance analysis of the fruit-body color was carried out in this study to conduct the color breeding of Pleurotus cornucopiae.【Method】White CCMSSC00358（P-w） and dark grey CCMSSC00406（P-d） were used as dikaryon parents.Seven ancestry lines were constructed,respectively,from the two dikaryon parents,two inbred lines P-w×P-w and P-d×P-d,hybrid line P-w×P-d（F1）,two light grey backcross lines F1Light×P-w and F1Light×P-d,two dark grey backcross lines F1Dark×P-w and F1Dark×P-d.The fruit-body color of all the lines was observed and grouped for the statistics of inheritance analysis.【Result】All of the 29 offsprings of inbred line P-w generated white fruit-bodies.Within the 17 offsprings of inbred lines P-d,there were 5 light grey and 12 dark grey offsprings.The segregation of light grey to dark grey was 1：3 checked by Chi-square test.Fruit-body color showed a continuous distribution among 82 offsprings of hybrid generation,and no white fruit-bodies.A total of 47 light grey offsprings and 35 dark grey offsprings were occurred,respectively,and the segregation ratio was 1：1 checked by Chi-square test.The ratio of dark grey,light grey and white was 1：4：3 in offsprings of the backcross（F1×P-w） checked by Chi-square test.The ratio of dark grey to light grey was 5：3 checked by Chi-square test,and no white fruit-body occurred in offsprings of the backcross（F1× P-d）【Conclusion】The color is quantitative trait which may be controlled by two pairs of major genes on different loci,and dark grey is incompletely dominant to white in color for P.cornucopiae.