长江上游的战略地位与生态环境功能

THE STRATEGIC POSITION AND THE ECOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTION OF THE UPPER REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

长江上游地区是我国未来经济发展中具有巨大潜力的地区 ,也是我国主要的生态脆弱地区 ,是实现《全国生态环境规划》 ,将“环境与发展”有机结合的攻坚地段。本文论述了长江上游地区在我国 2 1世纪国民经济发展、长江产业带建设中的战略地位 ,以及在我国西南、西北和整个西部地区开发、山区脱贫和民族地区经济发展中的特殊意义 ;并从生态环境的过渡性、敏感性和脆弱性 ,长江和长江流域生态环境保护的重要屏障、水资源保护的核心区作用 ,生物多样性保护与物种、基因库 ,全球环境变化及其响应和影响 。

The upper reaches of the Yangtze River is a region with great potential of econcmic development in future and a main weak region in ecology and environment in China. And it is a key region that will realize the goals of the National Program for Ecological and Environmental Development and organic coordination of environment and development. In this paper, the strategic positions of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the sustainable development of the national economy in the 21th century and the industrial corridor along the Yangtze River are described. The particular effects of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River on the development of the Southwest, the Nothwest and the west of China, and the riddance from poverty for the poor mountatinous districts as well as the economic promotion of the minority nationalities regions are pointed out. Moreover, the ecological and environmental functions and the protected purposes of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are discussed in view of the transition, sensitivity and fragility of ecology and environment in this region, and important forniter defense of ecology and environment of the Yangtze River and basin, a kernel area of the conservation of water resources, the conservation of bio_diversity and store house of variety and gene, response to and impact on the global environmental change, and problems respecting environment and development, etc.