施肥和群体密度对春小麦产量与品质形成的调控效应

Regulatary Effects of Fertilizer Level on Yield and Grain Quality of Spring Wheat with Different Populations

为给春小麦养分科学管理提供参考,采用大田小区试验,以春小麦品种龙麦26和克旱16为材料,研究了肥料施用量对小麦不同密度群体籽粒产量与品质形成的调控效应。结果表明,施肥与群体密度对春小麦产量具有明显的互作效应。低施肥水平下,春小麦产量随群体密度的增加而增加;中高施肥水平下,产量随群体密度增加出现波动,但均高于低施肥水平的产量。群体密度的增加降低了收获穗数饱和度、穗粒数及籽粒面筋含量,但增加了籽粒容重;施肥量的增加提高了穗粒数、千粒重和面筋含量;群体密度和施肥量对小麦加工品质的影响较为复杂,且对不同基因型品种的调控效应不同。

A field experiment was performed to investigate the effects of fertilizing levels on grain qual- ity, yield and its components of two spring wheat cultivars, Longmai 26 and Kehan 16, under plant population of 3 X 106 to 9 X 106 per hectare. The results showed that there a strong interaction effect between fortilizer and population density on the yield of spring wheat. Wheat yield increased with in- creasing population density under medium and low fertilizer level, population yield of medium density is the highest under high fertilizer level; increasing of population density decreased saturation of spike number, grains per spike and gluten protein content of grain, but increased unit weight of grain. In- creasing fertilizer improved grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and gluten protein content of grain. The effect of population density and fertilizer on processing quality of wheat was more complicated, and the effects were different for different wheat genotypes.