四川盆地小麦品种(系)抗条锈性鉴定与评价

Identification and Evaluation of Resistance to Stripe Rust in Current Wheat Cultivars(Lines) from Sichuan Basin

为明确四川盆地小麦品种(系)抗条锈性水平和抗病基因分布状况,对该地区23个当前主栽小麦品种和44个品系进行了苗期分小种和成株期混合小种抗锈性鉴定,并结合分子检测、抗谱测定和系谱追踪等方法,综合分析了供试品种抗条锈性相关基因。结果表明,供试小麦品种(系)中,10份具有全生育期抗性,22份具有成株期抗性,35份表现感病,其中超过60%的主栽品种不具抗锈性;19份可能携带Yr26;7份可能携带Yr26+?基因组合("?"表示未知基因)。四川盆地当前小麦品种(系)抗条锈性整体水平下降与条锈菌新致病型小种有关,应引起有关小麦育种单位和生产部门注意。

Knowledge on the resistance levels and resistance genes to stripe rust in the cultivars cur- rently grown in Sichuan basin, which is a key inoculum overwintering regions in China, can be used to enhance the breeding and producing of wheat. Assemble a set 67 of wheat entries, including 23 elite cultivars and 44 advanced lines in the region, were tested with selected Pst races on seeding and adult plant stages in the greenhouse and field, and were postulated the resistance genes by DNA marker combining with testing resistance spectrum and analysising pedigree. The results showed that there were 10 cultivars that had all stage resistance; 22 cultivars had adult plant resistance; 35 cuhivars were susceptible; and over 60~~ of current elite cultivars were susceptible. 19 cuhivars possibly car- ried Yr26 ; 7 cultivars possibly carried Yr26 ＋ ？. The loss of resistance to stripe rust in the local cul- tivars was because of the emerging pathotypes which were virulent to Yr26 . The research suggest that breeders and farmers should pay attention to the new pathotype of stripe rust .