猪粪与马铃薯皮渣混合厌氧发酵产氢特性

Characteristics of hydrogen production from anaerobic co-fermentation of pig manure and potato pulp

为了提高厌氧产氢菌利用复杂物料的产氢能力和稳定性,该文研究了猪粪与马铃薯皮渣混合质量比对厌氧发酵产氢的比产氢率、挥发性固体去除率、液相末端产物组成等发酵特性的影响。试验结果表明,底物组成显著影响产氢发酵的发酵类型。以单纯马铃薯皮渣为底物时,体系的比产氢率最高达31.55mL/g,挥发性固体去除率为29.43%,发酵类型为丁酸型;当猪粪在发酵底物中的质量比从10:70提高至40:40后,体系的发酵类型由丁酸型转变为乙酸型,同时维持了较高的比产氢率(22.48～24.18mL/g)和挥发性固体去除率(28.31%～32.93%)。但是当猪粪逐渐变为主要发酵底物(猪粪与马铃薯皮渣质量比为50:30、60:20、70:10、80:0)时,发酵逐渐受到抑制,系统的比产氢率和挥发性固体去除率都明显下降。采用Modified Gompertz模型可以很好地拟合累积产氢量随时间的变化,其动力学参数最大产氢量、最大产氢速率和停滞时间可以作为混合物料产氢发酵代谢过程的重要评价指标。该研究为优化混合物料厌氧产氢发酵过程提供参考和依据。

In order to increase anaerobic hydrogen production capacity and stability using complex materials, effects of pig manure （PM）/potato pulp （PP） mass ratio on specific hydrogen production rate （SHPR）, VS degradation rate （VDR）, and composition of dissolved fermentation products were investigated. Results showed that substrate composite affected the metabolism pathway of anaerobic hydrogen fermentation significantly. With sole PP as substrate, SHPR peaked at 31.55mL/g, at the same time VDR was 29.43%, and butyrate-type fermentation was formed. When PM/PP ratio ranged from 10：70 to 40：40, acetate-type fermentation replaced butyrate-type fermentation, and higher SHPR （22.48-24.18 mL/g） and VDR （28.31%-32.93%） levels were maintained. When further increased PM/PP ratio from 50：30 to 80：0, limitation of fermentation was presented due to high concentration of ammonia, and SHPR and VDR declined sharply. Modified Gompertz model could fit well the change of the accumulative hydrogen production with time, its kinetic parameters such as maximum hydrogen yield, maximum hydrogen production rate and lag time can be regarded as the important evaluation index for metabolic process of hydrogen production from mixed materials fermentation. This study provides a reference and foundation for the optimization of hydrogen production from anaerobic co-fermentation of mixing materials.