艾滋病慢性腹泻患者隐孢子虫及病原菌感染调查

Cryptosporidium infection among HIV/AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea in Beijing

目的调查北京地区艾滋病相关性慢性腹泻患者中隐孢子虫及其他病原微生物感染状况。方法收集67例北京地区艾滋病相关性慢性腹泻患者粪便,对患者粪便标本进行集卵,检测隐孢子虫卵囊,同时对留取的粪便检测隐孢子虫卵囊片段;用流式细胞仪检测患者血液中CD4+细胞计数;检测其是否存在引起腹泻的病原菌和艰难梭菌毒素。结果 4例粪便标本检测隐孢子虫卵囊阳性,且PCR检测均为阳性,2种方法阳性符合率100%,确定感染率为5.97%(4/67),感染者均为获得性免疫缺陷综合征中晚期患者,其血液中CD4+细胞计数<200、200～499、≥500 cells/μL的患者感染率分别为5.9%(2/34)、7.4%(2/27)、0;被感染者均系无业人员,生活来源无保障,生存环境较差;对67份标本同期进行细菌培养及涂片革兰染色,其中60份标本真菌培养阳性,经鉴定均为念珠菌,艰难梭菌毒素A/B检测有1例阳性。结论北京地区艾滋病慢性腹泻患者中存在着隐孢子虫感染,其感染率与患者性别无关,与患者生存环境有一定关系;患者CD4+细胞计数水平降低及疾病发展到中晚期的患者易发生隐孢子虫感染;北京地区艾滋病慢性腹泻患者中普遍存在真菌肠道感染。

Objective To explore prevalences and influence factors of anxiety and depression among scientific personnel and to provide reference for psychologitic intervention.Methods A self-administered questionnaire on general condition,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）,and Self-Rating Depression Scale（SDS） were used to assess 252 scientific personnel.Results The prevalece of anxiety was 20.23% without gender difference（28.13% for males and 22.87% for females）（χ^20.818,P=0.366）.The prevalence of depression was 22.22% without gender difference（30.89% for males and 25.11% for females）（χ^20.115,P=0.735）.The years of working,living condition,and economic pressure had positive correlation with anxiety.Age had a positive correlation with depression.The self reported month income,interpersonal relationship,and the fulfillment of family responsibility had negative correlation with anxiety and depression.Conclusion Scientific personnel have obvious anxiety and depression problems which are affected by various psychological factors.Specific health promotion should be conducted among the personnel.