2010年我国成年人主要食物摄入状况调查

Survey of dietary intake of Chinese adults in 2010

目的 调查2010年我国成年人的主要食物摄入状况。方法 2010年在我国内地31个省（市、自治区）和新疆生产建设兵团开展了中国慢性病监测调查。该调查采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样的方法在全国疾病监测系统的162个监测点进行。调查对象为监测点18岁以上的常住居民（在该地区居住6个月以上的居民），利用半定量食物频率膳食调查法收集了97 187名成年人的主要食物消费情况，在对样本经过复杂加权后，比较不同性别、不同地区的城市和农村居民的主要食物消费量。结果 经复杂加权计算后，2010年我国成年人每日粮谷类食物摄入的中位数为375 g；畜肉类食物每日摄入量的中位数为57.1 g，西部成年人摄入量（85.7g）高于东、中部（分别为57.1和46.2 g）（χ2=2054.82，P〈0.01）；每日禽肉类食物摄入量的中位数为7.1 g，东部成年人摄入量（10.0 g）高于中、西部（均为6.7 g）（χ2=1210.86，P〈0.01）；每日鱼虾等水产品类食物摄入量的中位数为14.3 g，东部成年人摄入量（15.0 g）高于中部（14.3 g）和西部（7.1 g）（χ2=5603.37，P〈0.01）；每日蛋类摄入量的中位数为21.4 g，西部成年人摄入量（14.3 g）低于东、中部（均为21.4g）（χ2=1699.11，P〈0.01）；每日奶制品摄入量的中位数为42.9 g，东部成年人摄入量（57.1 g）高于中、西部（均为35.7 g）（χ2=196.35，P〈0.01）。52.8%的成年人每日蔬菜水果摄入量不足，农村（55.7%）高于城市（46.1%，χ2=929.43，P〈0.01）。 结论 2010年我国成年人粮谷类食物摄入量趋于下降，蔬菜水果、鱼虾类及奶类食物摄入仍然明显不足，并且存在地区差异。

Objective To analyze the status of dietary intake of Chinese adults in 2010. Methods In 2010, China Chronic Disease Surveillance was carried out in 31 provinces and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. The survey was undertaken in 162 surveillance sites in the national Disease Surveillance Points system by stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling. The participants were local residents （living in the area for more than 6 months） aged 18 years and above in the surveillance sites. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to measure the dietary intake for 97 187 urban and rural adults aged 18 years and above. After complex weighting for the sample, the average daily consumption for major food was analyzed for different gender and regions. Results After compex weighting, the median of cereal, rice and wheat flour intake for Chinese adults was 375 g.The median of livestock meat intake was 57.1 g with western areas （85.7 g） much higher than eastern （57.1 g） and central areas （46.2 g）（ χ2=2054.82,P〈0.01）. The median of poultry intake was 7.1 g, eastern areas（10.0 g） higher than western and central areas （both 6.7 g）（χ2=1210.86,P〈0.01）. The median of seafood intake was 14.3 g, eastern （15.0 g）much higher than central （14.3 g）and western areas（7.1 g）（χ2=5603.37,P〈0.01）. The median of daily intake for eggs was 21.4 g, western（14.3 g） lower than eastern and central areas（both 21.4 g）（χ2=1699.11,P〈0.01）. The median of dairy products intake was 42.9 g, eastern （57.1 g） higher than western and central areas （both 35.7 g）（χ2=196.35,P〈0.01）. Overall, 52.8%of urban and rural residents did not meet recommended amount of fruits and vegetables intake. The rate of inadequate intake of fruit and vegetable was higher in rural（55.7%） than urban areas（44.1%,χ2=929.43,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The adult intake of cereal category foods tended to decline in 2010, and the intakes of vegetable and fruits, fishery products as well as dairy products were evidently deficient and regionally varied.