济南市东部过敏性呼吸道疾病患儿吸入性变应原谱分析

目的调查济南东部地区过敏性呼吸道疾病患儿主要吸入性变应原。方法采用20种标准化变应原对济南地区368例变应性呼吸系统疾病患儿进行皮肤点刺试验。并将样本中126例2～6岁的患者设为学龄前组,242例6～13岁的患者设为学龄组。比较两组在变应原阳性率分布上的差异。结果变应原皮肤实验阳性率前8位的变应原分别为屋尘螨(69.6%)、粉尘螨(60.8%)、链格孢霉(23.1%)、艾蒿(20.2%)、刺槐(16.4%)、狗上皮(16.3%)、烟曲霉(15.2%)、白色念珠菌(12.5%)。学龄组中对粉尘螨和屋尘螨的敏感程度明显高于学龄前组(P<0.01)。结论尘螨、春秋季花粉及真菌是济南东部地区最重要的吸入性变应原。

Objective To determine main allergens prevalent in children with allergic respiratory diseases in eastern region Jinan. Methods A total of 368 cases who were diagnosed with allergic respiratory diseases, undergone a skin prick test （SPT） with 20 standardized allergens, and the important sensitizing allergens were assessed. The samples were stratified on two age groups： 2-6-year-olds （preschool age children, n=126） and 6-13-year-olds （school age children, n=242）. Difference of SPT responses of these two groups was investigated. Results The percent of children with positive skin tests were as follows： D. pteronyssinus （69.6%）, D. farinae （60.8%）, Altemaria altemata （23.1%）, Argy Wormwood pollen （20.2%）, Locust pollen （16.4%）, Dog epithelium （16.3%）, Aspergillus fumigatus （15.2%）, Candida albicans （12.5%）. There were significantly higher sensitivity to dust mite among school age children compared to preschool age children （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The study shows that the dust mlte, Argy Wormwood pollen and Alternaria altemata were the most important three aeroallergens in eastern region Jinan.